Kamaz Poland, a separate organizational structure of Autobags Poland – the general and exclusive representative in our country of the interests of the Kamaz concern – a Russian manufacturer of universal, specialized and specialized trucks and buses of various classes and types – will successively increase the number of proposed fire-fighting – rescue and firefighting varieties.
Initially in this regard, the entity cooperated with Zamet Głowno, with which it prepared three base versions: a medium and heavy tonnage class GBA and a heavy tonnage class GCBA.
The first – earlier – was based on 2-axle Kamaz chassis type B1228 4×4 – 43502 4×4, the second – later – also on 2-axle but heavier Kamaz type B1629 4×4/4180 – 43265 4×4, the third already on 3-axle Kamaz type B2131 6×6/3690 43118 6×6.
At the same time, all of them used chassis in off-road drivetrain completions, with only single tires, and received an extremely interesting crew cab.
In fact, it was not an extended factory cab, but a cab based on a serial short day cab, to which Zamet added an integral crew module at the rear.
Despite some success in this cooperation with Zamet, Kamaz Poland was still looking for another supplier of special firefighter bodies.
At the beginning of last year, there was the concept of establishing a partnership with the Podstochowa-based Specialized Enterprise Bocar sp.
z o.
o.
– PS Bocar.
After a series of meetings held, the parties reached an agreement fairly quickly.
On its basis, back in 2017 Bocar made bodies on as many as three 3-axle off-road Kamaz type 43118 6×6 (B2131) chassis.
The result was a GCBA-8.2/32+4 heavy rescue and firefighting vehicle, designated according to PN-EN 1846 S-2-6-5200-8/3200-1.
Wojciech Traczuk – commercial director of Kamaz Poland – explains the situation this way: “Kamaz off-road specification truck chassis are extremely durable and robust products.
That’s why fire departments have long been on the list of their potential customers.
Taking into account the domestic realities of this sector, we knew perfectly well that – in order to enter it – we needed a specialized variant made at our company.
There is nothing surprising in this – this approach in this case is also used by well-known Western corporations.
Its reason is one of the obvious ones – for many years in our country there have been several important players in this field, able – importantly – to combine good performance and quality workmanship with a relatively attractive price.
As a result – in the segment of rescue and firefighting models – as of today, practically most of the bodies purchased by the domestic fire service come from Polish plants.
Thus, while pursuing our strategy of entering this sector at Kamaz, we had to choose a suitable partner.
To begin with, it became Zamet Głowno.
So far, we have completed several interesting projects with him.
At the same time, we were looking for another manufacturer, thus on the one hand aiming to diversify our offer, and on the other hand wanting to make it more attractive – to broaden and deepen it.
The choice fell on PS Bocar, which from Kamaz’s perspective shows a number of key advantages.
Firstly, it has very extensive experience in this market, as it has existed since the early 1990s.
of the last century, and if the history of the Osina factory is additionally taken into account, much longer.
Second, during this period it has earned a reputation as a very reliable supplier, valued for its honesty, perseverance and quality.
Third, it has interesting technologies at its disposal and has so far made at least dozens of different types of bodies on both used and new chassis, the latter from all the industry giants.
Fourth, the Bocar brand is extremely highly positioned in the guard.
Among other things.
firefighters appreciate the modernity of the products presented to them, their ergonomics or high quality workmanship.
Fifth – due also to some historical background, PS Bocar occupies a rather strong position among volunteer units, including those from rural, forest, mountainous and mountainous areas, which have naturally been in the circle of our increased interest for a long time.
And finally, sixth – taking into account all our strengths – we are able to skillfully exploit synergistic effects and present genuinely interesting and at the same time competitive proposals, both in terms of completeness, workmanship, performance and price.
The totality of these elements, therefore, speaks in favor of the fact that together we can realize interesting projects, and the cooperation will prove fruitful for both sides.”
At the same time, Director Traczuk points out that certainly the 43118 6×6 type (B2131) is a unique proposition on our market today, with virtually no close competitors – counterparts.
Most chassis of the 3-axle class in a 6×6 drivetrain in combat configuration are on average 6000-8000 kg heavier than it, and – with only a single tire on the wheels – have a permissible total weight of 24000-28000 kg.
This means inferior traction in difficult road conditions, on sandy, muddy, gravelly, swampy surfaces.
This is where the Kamaz 43118 6×6 will show its incredible advantages, thanks to, among other things.
single balloon pressure-controlled tires and relatively low pressures on all axles.
The latter is due to the fact that the vehicle’s permissible gross vehicle weight is only 22500 kg, resulting in an averaged pressure of 7500 kg on each axle.
However, these lower values of permissible total weight and maximum unit axle pressures do not mean that, compared to reputable Western rivals with higher permissible total weight, the B2131 6×6/3690 43118 6×6 type will be distinguished by its distinctly lower combat capabilities, including mainly the lower capacity of both tanks.
On the contrary, the relatively low unladen weight of the chassis, with a long cabin and a wheelbase of 3690 mm equal to just 8325 kg, results in a carrying capacity of as much as 14175 kg.
This is fully sufficient to provide the high combat capability that would be available, by conversion, to Western counterparts with a permissible gross vehicle weight as much as 2000-2500 kg higher.
As a result, thanks to just three axles, the B2131 6×6/3690 43118 6×6 type will without major problems be able to reach places where, due to higher unit pressures, competing vehicles simply won’t reach or will reach with greater problems and in a longer time.
Once a certain equivalent of this car was the Star 1466 6×6, now it is the much more expensive, demilitarized Tatra T810 6×6.
Above it, however, this Kamaz definitely towers over with its more attractive price and higher combat capabilities.
In terms of positioning, the B2131 6×6/3690 43118 6×6 is therefore a means of transport with very high tactical mobility – very high off-road bravery.
It has already been prepared from the factory to meet the toughest road conditions.
Its highly torsion- and bending-resistant chassis frame with a traditional ladder system is formed by stringers and cross members.
The reinforced mechanical suspension with properly selected performance characteristics is based on leaf springs.
The balloon-shaped single tires on the wheels are 425/85R21.
In addition to this, the very high off-road ability – with only single tires – is influenced by standard differential locks between the wheels and between the axles, as well as a central wheel pumping system.
The latter proves very useful when traversing muddy or sandy surfaces, since by reducing tire pressure it allows the tires to increase their contact area and thus decrease the value of unit pressure.
In general, when only a single tire is put on the rear, the car can easily navigate on sandy, muddy surfaces, including fields, forest tracks, hilly and mountainous areas.
Realistically judging, without much trouble it will cope with practically any road obstacle that only a model of this class is physically capable of overcoming.
All the more so, since the ability to overcome hills has been set at more than 50%, and the high wading depth means the ability to pass at a walk through any water obstacles that, in Polish conditions, the fire version may actually encounter during the course of the operation.
The chassis also comes from the latest generation of the Russian manufacturer’s own products, with more than 600 modifications and the installation of a number of key components from reputable Western European suppliers, among others.
in the drivetrain and braking systems.
For example, the drivetrain is provided by – arranged longitudinally under the cab at the front – a Cummins unit from the smaller ISB 6.7 E6 series.
It is a strong point of this car: it is economical, proven, durable, with limited maintenance requirements.
It has a 6.7-liter displacement, 6-cylinder inline design, turbocharging, charge air cooling, high-pressure direct injection, advanced electronic control system, and meets the latest Euro 6C clean exhaust gas standard.
The B2131 6×6/3690 43118 6×6 type gets it in the most powerful version, with a maximum output of 228 kW/310 hp at 2300 rpm and maximum torque of 1100 Nm.
It is mated to a ZF 9S1310TO 9-speed manual transmission, with inter-speed synchronization for smooth gear changes, and a transfer case.
The base factory short daylight reclining cab used in the vehicle accommodates two people in a 1+1 seating arrangement and is part of Kamaz’s new generation of proprietary cabs, after the so-called “restail”.
restyling.
It was made of corrosion-resistant materials, including high-strength steel, and got all the necessary certifications – including.
it was tested in crash tests.
Its design uses energy-absorbing elements, thereby ensuring that injuries in the event of a collision are minimized.
It is entered by three steps, while effective headlights guarantee a long, concentrated beam of light.
Other features include a plastic front grille, a panoramic windshield, an exterior sunshade, as well as standard air conditioning, independent Webasto engine and cabin parking heating, a radio, an adjustable steering column, a sunroof and a comfort-enhancing air-suspended driver’s seat.
The cab also has a more ergonomically and carefully decorated interior, modern, made with durable and easy-to-maintain materials, more in line with current European standards in this regard.
However, the carrier itself – while undeniably interesting – does not constitute a clear uniqueness of this version.
Its uniqueness stems from the type of crew cab used – here appeared a crew module attached to the body, as its integral part.
Such a solution is not a complete novelty in our country, as it was commonly used in JZS Jelcz or SHL Kielce fire engines, including those from lines 25, 28/29, 200, 244 and 266.
After 1990, however, it ceased to be so popular.
Among other things, it was given attention.
closer attention to its more or less real flaws, in the form, for example, of poor communication between the commander in the cab and the rescuers in the rear, behind-cab crew module.
As a result, purchases of new rolling stock relied on the factory’s elongated four-door crew cabs whenever possible.
Meanwhile, this is the type of added crew cabs that have long been popular in rich, developed markets such as Germany, Austria or the Netherlands.
Namely, these cabins are characterized by a number of advantages over factory crew cabins, among which the most important are:
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simplifying and cheapening the lifting mechanism – only the standard short day cab, lighter and considerably shorter than the extended crew cab, is lifted, while the crew module remains rigidly attached to the chassis;
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more available living space than in factory crew cabs, which is important for firefighters, who typically carry a lot of personal equipment.
What is important here is that such an added module can be wider, taller and longer, and set slightly lower than the rear crew portion of an extended cab.
The latter element plays a more important role mainly for off-road variants, where the standard cab usually mounts quite high.
And the lower mounting and thus lower floor level translate into easier ingress and egress; -
better stylistic harmony with the rest of the bodywork, although with bodies made of plastics this factor ceased to play so much of a role, since – in order to better visually match the cabin and the body – as in Bocar began to install cab deflectors;
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the possibility to offer on carriers not available with factory extended, crew cabs, which allows to expand the range of built-up chassis and bodies offered and – as a result – significantly enrich the existing range of products;
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Maintaining the same combat capabilities of the vehicle – no negative impact on the capacity of water tanks and foaming agents, as well as the amount and type of equipment taken.
PS Bocar further points out that:
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This location of the cab and special adaptation of the chassis creates an ideal place to work where the roads end;
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The position of the driver’s cab minimizes shocks and impacts, as well as the cab’s own movements, which significantly contributes to a high level of driving comfort and crew relief;
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The axle load has a positive effect on handling characteristics, even in difficult terrain;
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The cabin gives a feeling of safety while driving and promotes intuitive driving, just like in a passenger car.
Besides, at present, such a cab body module does not cost much more than an additional surcharge for a factory crew cab.
As a result, Bocar hopes that its latest product will interest domestic firefighters and the series of such cars will count not single units, but many.
Moreover, the option of an additional independent cabin module may appear in other bodies, on other types of chassis, from other suppliers, not only of the heavy tonnage class, but also of the medium tonnage class.
The main noticeable feature of this body, therefore, is, as an integral but functionally separate element of it, an added part at the front in the form of a modular brigade cab, i.e. an independent crew cab module – a crew module that constitutes a crew cab. This module was designed and manufactured by PS Bocar itself. It was created classically from a truss of stainless steel profiles with an intermediate frame. It is covered from above by a roof, integrally connected to the roof over the equipment and tank section. It is distinguished by a large allowance of space and, as previously indicated, is an interesting alternative to the factory’s elongated, manned, four-door, 6-7-seat cabins. Access to its interior from both sides is via a door and an access ladder below it with three wide and long steps. This access is also somewhat facilitated by the fact that the floor level is at a slightly lower height than the floor level in a standard cab. At the same time, the cab has been specially adapted to carry four firefighters and the crew’s auxiliary and special equipment. The bench provides a comfortable ride, and each seat is equipped with seat belts. The seats are covered with dirt-resistant material, with the possibility of washing them. On top of this, to improve the comfort of the driving rescuers, the cabin can be optionally equipped with devices such as air conditioning and parking heaters, both of which can operate independently of the car’s engine operation, and other items that enhance the attractiveness of the workplace. The latter may include power windows, central locking, a sound system or a refrigerator, among others. In general, as with the driver’s and commander’s cabs, the bodied multi-crew section guarantees high comfort, ideal seating positions in anatomical seats, low interior noise levels and the highest level of safety. Thanks to this solution, the brigade cab with the ability to carry 4 personnel, together with the driver and commander’s cab, allow a total of 6 people, including the driver, to be carried in comfort.
In addition, the complete body itself is distinguished by its classic design.
The load-bearing structure is made up of closed stainless steel profiles, the truss – with an integrated intermediate frame that is a fixed part of the truss structure – is also made of stainless steel profiles.
The body received a multi-point attachment directly to the chassis frame using specially designed bolt-and-spring connections in the front section and rigid bolted connections in the rear section.
Its outer plating is made up of a layer of polyester composite and other non-corrosive materials – aluminum plates – and shaped pieces (finished parts) of polyester composite with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm, all painted in RAL3000.
The interior plating of the modern equipment compartments, meanwhile, was made using durable and easy-to-maintain materials, in the form of smooth anodized aluminum sheets on the walls and stainless steel sheets on the floors of the equipment compartments.
All compartments in the 3+3+1 arrangement – the side equipment lockers, six in number – three on each side, and the rear auto-pump compartment – are closed with shutters.
These anodized aluminum blinds – in natural anodized (silver) color – are splash- and dust-proof and, thanks to a key lock, protect against third-party access.
In addition to these louvers, access to the equipment stored in the six side lockers is facilitated by lower, downward-tilting working platforms and, in the case of the rear fire truck compartment, one rear platform that uses the rear anti-lift bar mountings.
The equipment compartments themselves got aluminum slides for mounting shelves and equipment with adjustable positions.
In addition, the roof of the body is covered with anodized aluminum sheet metal with an anti-slip texture and is provided as a working platform and a place for mounting and transporting some of the vehicle’s firefighting equipment.
Access to this roof is via a hinged access ladder permanently attached to the rear wall.
In addition to this, the roof has protective railings 200 mm high on the right and left sides, and a 170 mm high protective railing in the rear.
Another key component of the body is the water and foam system.
Among its main devices were:
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autopump;
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manifolds of the water-foam system;
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Automatic foam agent dispenser;
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water and foam cannon;
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rapid attack with a water and foam nozzle;
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Water and foam agent tanks.
The installation was made of corrosion-resistant materials.
It was adjusted to a total capacity of 3,200 l/min, and allows the administration of water and aqueous solution of foaming agent.
For this purpose, there is a water and foam cannon, a rapid attack line, a sprinkler system and four discharge nozzles – 4×75 mm, located on the right and left rear of the car (2x left and 2x right).
There are also two hydrant filling caps – 2×75 mm, one foam agent cap – 1×25 mm, and at the rear two suction caps – 2×110 mm.
The extinguishing agent tanks, on the other hand, are two.
The water tank is made of polyester composite as an independent part of the body, being one of its elements.
It has a capacity of 5200 liters and, among other things.
breakwaters and an inspection hatch.
This hatch is designed to allow – through an opening of at least 450 mm in diameter – the entry of a person performing maintenance on the tank.
The tank is also equipped with an overflow system to prevent rupture during uncontrolled refueling, a water level control sensor and a water level indicator of the tank’s automatic refueling system.
The latter is designed to cut off the water supply when the tank is filled to 90% and open the valves when the level changes to 30%.
Independent of the automatic refueling system, there is a manual refueling button to fill the tank to 100%.
The second tank – of foaming agent – was also made as an independent part of the body, being one of its elements.
It features a capacity of 550 liters, as well as breakwaters and an inspection hatch.
It was made of polyethylene, or optionally of composite, which gives it adequate resistance to foaming agents and modifiers of general use.
At the same time, both tanks are equipped with control sensors: for the water tank – water, for the foam agent tank – this agent.
The principle of operation of these sensors is based on the fact that the level of the extinguishing agent in the tank affects the pressure, measured and, by means of electronic circuits, scaled and displayed on a 10-degree scale, separately as the level of water and foaming agent.
These levels can be read both in the cabin from the driver’s seat and in the pump compartment.
Another key component of the water and foam system is, from German company PF Pumpen und Feuerlöschtechnik GmbH, a two-stage centrifugal fire truck pump with VACUMAT, designated by the manufacturer as TO3000 EN 1028-1 – FPN 10-3000/FPH 40-400.
This A32/8-4/40-class pump, dedicated for installation in fire engines, is used for pumping clean water or water slightly contaminated with solids, as well as for pumping a mixture of water and foaming agent with a PH value of 6-9.
Seawater-resistant aluminum was used as its building block.
At the same time, depending on the order, the pump housing and impeller can be made of bronze or aluminum alloys.
This pump is characterized by capacities: 3705 l/min at 8 bar and 430 l/min at 40 bar.
The high-pressure stage is a peripheral pump, mounted together with the low-pressure pump on one common shaft.
The peripheral components needed for proper operation, such as the by-pass valve, pressure relief valve and thermal valve, are part of the standard equipment.
The high-pressure pump is switched on and off by the by-pass valve.
In any operating condition, the by-pass valve prevents the pressure from rising too high above the permissible pressure level.
In turn, a thermal valve protects the pump from overheating.
For this, the stainless steel pump shaft is routed in a bearing pedestal through ball bearings lubricated once for life and sealed together with the high-pressure pump.
In addition, the PS Bocar AUTODSP 200 automatic dispenser integrated with the autopump – used for pumps of the maximum A 32 class – has been factory set and adjusted to work with pumps of 3,200 l/min and operates in the DSP200 class.
It makes it possible to dispense foaming agent at a concentration of 1 to 6%.
The principle of dispensing this agent is based on the “run the pump” system, based on Venturi venturi.
Precise dosing occurs through the use of electromagnetic flow meters in the water line and the foam agent line.
The correct concentration is achieved by adjusting the control valve accordingly.
The system is controlled through a panel on the auto-pump board.
The next components of the water-foam system are: a water-foam cannon, a rapid attack line and a sprinkler system.
Produced by PS Bocar according to the PN-91/M-52170 standard, the water and foam cannon – DWP32 type – in its stationary version is mounted on the roof of the vehicle.
It has received a pressure gauge indicating the value of water pressure and a special handle allowing it to be directed in the right direction.
It is designed to deliver a compact and dispersed stream of water and foam after the foam pipe has been mounted, and is equipped with a special head that ensures smooth adjustment of the output of the fed water in the range of 800 to 3200 l/min and the degree of dispersion of the water jet in the range of 0 to 90°.
In the variety used here, it has a total weight of 24 kg and the ability to rotate 360° in the horizontal plane and from -30° (in the case of fixed mounting on the body, the parameter is determined by the car’s outline) to +150° in the vertical plane.
Its basic element is a specially shaped flow pipe provided on one side with a rotating element, to which a flange is attached on the other side.
This pipe is terminated with a special universal head, providing adjustment of the efficiency and type of water jet.
It is also possible to change the efficiency range of the extinguishing streams.
One SzN 60/40 high-pressure rapid attack, on the other hand, makes it possible to apply water from – terminated with a water-foam nozzle – a high-pressure hose without having to unroll the entire hose line.
It is located in a locker in the left rear of the vehicle and is designed to wind a high-pressure hose with an inside diameter of 19 mm and a maximum length of 60 m.
Its drive can be electric or manual, and other key technical parameters are as follows: theoretical flow rate – 230 l/min at 40 bar, connection size – 1 inch, reel supply voltage – 12-30 VDC, total weight – 35 kg.
The reel here consists of a composite winding drum, bearing on two bearings, the housings of which are fixed to the base.
On both sides are large gear wheels, with the one on one side cooperating with the drive gear, the one on the opposite side with an electric motor.
The former is thus used for manual, the latter for electric drive of the reel.
The water and foam system is supplemented by a sprinkler system, providing protection against the effects of contamination and allowing the vehicle to move over hot, smoky pavement, etc.
It is equipped with four sprinklers: two front and two side sprinklers at the rear of the chassis, between the axles.
The truck’s stock – because of its purpose – also included, of course, emergency vehicle equipment – light and sound signals and special communications equipment.
The emergency vehicle equipment, manufactured by PS Bocar itself, bears the designation BOS200 and includes, among other things.
sound signal generator with integrated control of warning lamps.
The main consideration in its design was to involve the attendant as little as possible, and in the case of the fire versions, the driver.
As a result, during an emergency trip, the driver has the task of pressing only one on/off button, causing the activation of all possible light signals and sound signals in the first modulation.
The modulation of the sound signals is changed by briefly pressing the horn.
The device’s tasks also include switching on and off individual light signals and giving verbal messages outside the car.
In addition, it can be used as a generator cooperating with a speaker or speakers of up to 200 watts.
Added to this is the Motorola GP4600 radio, which is a versatile proposal for a mobile radio mounted as permanent equipment for emergency vehicles on the road.
It proves its worth where more channels prove necessary.
Due to its high adaptability to current needs, it is desired by growing companies, while the 14-character display improves operating convenience.
The radio meets Military Standards 810 C, D, E, demonstrating resistance to moisture, dust and shock, and is the only mobile radio with LB-band performance.
What’s more, the functions of external alarm and muting of the car’s audio equipment make it friendly to the professional driver.
Next on the equipment list are the Webasto AIR Top series of self-contained heaters: the Evo 3900 body and Evo 2500 crew cab.
These compact air heaters provide optimal operating conditions even at extremely low temperatures and are from a new generation called EVO.
Mounted above the chassis, in the space inside the bodywork, the Air Top EVO 3900 type achieves a heating output of up to 3.9 kW and gets a new control panel, allowing the selection of more heating modes.
In addition, due to its purpose, the car received a lighting mast to illuminate the scene of the action.
This is another in-house product of PS Bocar.
It is characterized by a compact design, the possibility of quick use and effective lighting of the work area, while the materials used guarantee adequate durability and reliability.
Its basic functions include pneumatic extension using the chassis’ pneumatic system, electrically realized rotation and tilting of the head, switching on individual working headlights, and automatic folding to the transport position.
The working headlights consist of led floodlights of up to 2×219 W, powered by a 24 VDC system.
The voltage is supplied by a spiral cable installed inside the telescopic tube, which is also the communication of the mast control computer with the motors performing the rotation and tilting functions of the headlights.
Voltage directly from the vehicle’s batteries was used for power supply, making it possible to indirectly power the mast through the running engine.
The power supply for the working headlight here has its own protection in the form of Class B automatic delayed fuses. On the other hand, the parameters of this mast are as follows: electronic head rotation – 1750-0+1750, electronic head tilt – 1750-0+1750, nominal pressure 0.18 MPa, maximum pressure 0.3 MPa, control voltage rating 12-24VDC, current consumption for control maximum 6 A, rated voltage for powering the mast floodlights 10-30 V DC, current consumption of the floodlights maximum 20 A, total weight 35 kg, number of floodlights and power 2×150 W (LED), luminous flux output 30000 lm, and dimensions – in the folded state from 1800 mm, in the unfolded state – height of the extended mast from the ground – 5500 mm.
At the same time, PS Bocar emphasizes that the dimensions of the mast are individually adapted to each type of order.
The list of introduced equipment items ends with a front-mounted Dragon Winch electric winch – type DWT 20000 HD, intended for the toughest working conditions.
Therefore, it was designed for the largest off-road and utility variants, including those operated by fire departments, roadside assistance, armed forces and police.
Its base characteristics are: pulling power of 20000 lb/9000 kg, length of steel cable 28 m, voltage 24 V, power of 9 hp, three-stage planetary gearbox, reduction 450:1, dynamic brake, dimensions 620x214x290 mm, gross set weight 69 kg and mounting bolt spacing 254×114/254×165 mm.
Heavy rescue and firefighting vehicle GCBA-8.2/32+4 on fully off-road chassis Kamaz type 43118 6×6 (B2131) with specialized body from PS Bocar characterize the weights and dimensions: unbuilt chassis weight 8300 kg, unladen weight 12400 kg, actual weight 19100 kg, permissible total weight 22500 kg, external dimensions (length.xwidthxheight) 9263x2542x3225 mm, wheelbase 3690 mm, front overhang 1880 mm, rear overhang 2400 mm, angle of attack 30°, angle of descent 25°, ramp angle 33°, and clearances – under the front axle 380 mm, under the rear axles 370 mm and outside the axles 400 mm.
In terms of utility, the vehicle is primarily a proposal for volunteer units, usually operating in rural, forest, mountainous and mountainous areas.
It will prove itself mainly where a combination of off-road traction, relatively high independent combat capability and the ability to carry a squad of firefighters is required.
It will therefore be ideal for, among other things.
To extinguish fires in forests, pastures, bogs, fields and homesteads, among others.
It can still successfully participate in the extinguishing of urban dwellings and industrial facilities, due to its relatively significant combat capabilities.
As a result, it is an extremely versatile and flexible tool for a variety of rescue and firefighting applications.
It is worth adding, the auto is housed in old garages instead of the Star 266, for which it is being promoted as a successor.